1. Makanikaiilimin hatimi: ka'idar aiki na hatimin injiniya
Hatimin injinana'urar hatimin shaft ce wacce ta dogara da nau'i biyu ko nau'i-nau'i na ƙarshen fuskoki waɗanda ke zamewa in ɗanɗano daidai gwargwado ga shaft don kiyaye dacewa ƙarƙashin aikin matsin ruwa da ƙarfin roba (ko ƙarfin maganadisu) na injin diyya kuma suna sanye da hatimin taimako. don cimma rigakafin yabo.
2. Zaɓin kayan da aka saba amfani da su don hatimin inji
Ruwan da aka tsarkake;yanayin zafi na al'ada;(tsauri) 9CR18, 1CR13 surfacing cobalt chromium tungsten, simintin ƙarfe;(a tsaye) graphite guduro mai ciki, tagulla, filastik phenolic.
Ruwan kogi (wanda ya ƙunshi laka);yanayin zafi na al'ada;(tsauri) tungsten carbide, (a tsaye) tungsten carbide
Ruwan teku;yanayin zafi na al'ada;(tsauri) tungsten carbide, 1CR13 cladding cobalt chromium tungsten, simintin ƙarfe;(a tsaye) resin graphite, tungsten carbide, cermet;
Ruwa mai zafi 100 digiri;(tsauri) tungsten carbide, 1CR13 surfacing cobalt chromium tungsten, simintin ƙarfe;(a tsaye) resin graphite, tungsten carbide, cermet;
Gasoline, mai mai mai, ruwa hydrocarbon;yanayin zafi na al'ada;(tsauri) tungsten carbide, 1CR13 surfacing cobalt chromium tungsten, simintin ƙarfe;(a tsaye) guduro mai ciki ko tin-antimon alloy graphite, filastik phenolic.
Gasoline, mai mai mai, ruwa hydrocarbon;digiri 100;(tsauri) tungsten carbide, 1CR13 surfacing cobalt chromium tungsten;(a tsaye) tagulla mai ciki ko graphite na guduro.
Gasoline, mai mai mai, ruwa hydrocarbons;dauke da barbashi;(mai tsauri) tungsten carbide;(a tsaye) tungsten carbide.
3. Nau'i da amfanikayan rufewa
The abin rufewa ya kamata ya dace da buƙatun aikin rufewa.Saboda kafofin watsa labaru da za a rufe sun bambanta kuma yanayin aiki na kayan aiki sun bambanta, ana buƙatar kayan rufewa don samun daidaituwa daban-daban.Abubuwan buƙatun don kayan rufewa gabaɗaya sune:
1) Kayan yana da ƙima mai kyau kuma ba shi da sauƙi don watsar da kafofin watsa labaru;
2) Samun ƙarfin injin da ya dace da taurin;
3) Kyakkyawan damfara da juriya, ƙananan nakasar dindindin;
4) Ba ya laushi ko bazuwa a yanayin zafi mai zafi, ba ya taurare ko fashe a ƙananan yanayin zafi;
5) Yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata kuma yana iya aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin acid, alkali, mai da sauran kafofin watsa labaru.Canjin girmansa da taurinsa ƙanana ne, kuma ba ya jingina da saman ƙarfe;
6) Ƙananan juzu'i da juriya mai kyau;
7) Yana da sassauci don haɗuwa tare dasealing surface;
8) Kyakkyawan juriya da ƙarfin tsufa;
9) Ya dace don sarrafawa da ƙira, arha da sauƙin samun kayan aiki.
Robashine kayan rufewa da aka fi amfani dashi.Bugu da ƙari, roba, sauran kayan da aka dace da su sun haɗa da graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene da nau'i-nau'i daban-daban.
4. Abubuwan fasaha na fasaha don shigarwa da amfani da hatimin injiniya
1).Radial runout na kayan aiki mai juyawa ya kamata ya zama ≤0.04 mm, kuma motsi na axial bai kamata ya fi 0.1 mm ba;
2) Dole ne a kiyaye sashin da aka rufe na kayan aiki a lokacin shigarwa, a tsaftace sassan da aka rufe, da kuma rufe ƙarshen fuska don hana ƙazanta da ƙura daga shiga cikin sashin rufewa;
3).An haramta shi sosai don bugawa ko ƙwanƙwasa yayin aikin shigarwa don guje wa lalacewar hatimin inji da gazawar hatimi;
4) A lokacin shigarwa, ya kamata a yi amfani da man fetur mai tsabta mai tsabta a saman da ke hulɗa da hatimi don tabbatar da shigarwa mai sauƙi;
5) Lokacin shigar da glandan zobe na tsaye, dole ne a ɗora maɗaurin ƙuƙuka a ko'ina don tabbatar da daidaituwa tsakanin ƙarshen fuskar zoben a tsaye da layin axis;
6) Bayan shigarwa, tura zoben motsi da hannu don yin motsin motsin motsi a hankali a kan shaft kuma yana da wani nau'i na elasticity;
7) Bayan shigarwa, kunna jujjuyawar da hannu.Ramin juyawa bai kamata ya ji nauyi ko nauyi ba;
8) Dole ne a cika kayan aiki tare da kafofin watsa labaru kafin aiki don hana bushe bushe da gazawar hatimi;
9) Don sauƙi crystallized da granular kafofin watsa labarai, lokacin da matsakaicin zafin jiki ne> 80OC, daidai flushing, tacewa, da kuma sanyaya matakan ya kamata a dauki.Da fatan za a koma zuwa ma'auni masu dacewa na hatimin inji don na'urori daban-daban na taimako.
10).A lokacin shigarwa, ya kamata a yi amfani da man fetur mai tsabta mai tsabta a saman da ke hulɗa dahatimi.Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga zaɓin man inji don kayan hatimi daban-daban don gujewa haifar da faɗaɗa O-ring saboda kutsawar mai ko haɓaka tsufa, haifar da rufewa da wuri.Ba daidai ba
5. Menene maki uku na hatimin hatimin hatimi, da ka'idodin hatimi na waɗannan maki uku na hatimi
Thehatimitsakanin zoben motsi da a tsaye zoben ya dogara da sinadari na roba (spring, bellows, da dai sauransu) daruwa mai rufewamatsa lamba don samar da matsi mai dacewa (rabo) akan fuskar lamba (karshen fuskar) na zoben motsi mai motsi da ƙarancin ƙarfi.Matsi) yana sa fuskoki biyu masu santsi da madaidaiciyar fuska su dace sosai;an kiyaye fim ɗin ruwa mai bakin ciki sosai tsakanin fuskokin ƙarshen don cimma tasirin rufewa.Wannan fim ɗin yana da matsa lamba mai ƙarfi na ruwa da matsa lamba a tsaye, wanda ke taka rawar daidaita matsa lamba da shafan fuskar ƙarshen.Dalilin da yasa fuskokin ƙarshen duka dole ne su kasance masu santsi sosai kuma madaidaiciya shine don ƙirƙirar cikakkiyar dacewa ga fuskokin ƙarshen kuma don daidaita takamaiman matsa lamba.Wannan hatimin juyawa ne na dangi.
6. Hatimin injinailimi da nau'ikan fasahar hatimi na inji
A halin yanzu, daban-daban sabohatimin injifasahohin da ke amfani da sabbin kayayyaki da matakai suna samun ci gaba cikin sauri.Akwai sababbi masu zuwahatimin injifasaha.Seling surface tsagifasahar rufewaA cikin 'yan shekarun nan, daban-daban kwarara ragi da aka bude a kan sealing karshen fuska na inji hatimi don samar da hydrostatic da tsauri matsa lamba effects, kuma shi har yanzu ana updated.Fasahar hatimin sifili A zamanin da, an yi imani da cewa tuntuɓar juna da hatimin inji ba za su iya cimma ɗigo ba (ko babu yayyo).Isra'ila ta yi amfani da fasahar kulle-kulle don ba da shawarar wani sabon ra'ayi na hatimin rufe fuska ba tare da tuntuɓar sifili ba, wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen sa mai a cikin tasoshin makamashin nukiliya.Busassun fasahar rufe gas Wannan nau'in hatimin yana amfani da fasahar rufewa mai ramuka don rufe gas.Fasahar hatimin famfo na sama tana amfani da magudanar ruwa a saman hatimin don fitar da ɗan ƙaramin ruwa mai ɗigo daga ƙasa baya zuwa sama.Halayen tsarin fasalin nau'ikan hatimi da aka ambata a sama sune: suna amfani da ramuka mai zurfi, kuma kauri na fim da zurfin tsagi mai gudana duka biyun matakin micron ne.Har ila yau, suna amfani da ramukan mai mai, radial sealing madatsun ruwa da ma'auni na kewaye don samar da sassan rufewa da ɗaukar kaya.Har ila yau, ana iya cewa hatimin da aka tsinke yana haɗuwa da hatimi mai lebur da ƙugiya.Fa'idodinsa shine ƙananan yatsa (ko ma babu ɗigo), babban kauri na fim, kawar da jujjuyawar lamba, da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da zazzabi.Thermal hydrodynamic sealing fasaha yana amfani da daban-daban zurfin sealing surface kwarara ragi don haifar da yanayin zafi na gida don samar da wani hydrodynamic wedge sakamako.Irin wannan hatimi tare da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyin matsi na hydrodynamic ana kiransa hatimin weji na thermohydrodynamic.
Ana iya raba fasahar rufewa ta Bellows zuwa ƙwanƙolin ƙarfe da aka kafa da welded karfe bell na fasahar rufewa.
Fasahar hatimi da yawa ta kasu kashi biyu, hatimin zobe na tsaka-tsaki da fasahar hatimi da yawa.Bugu da kari, akwai layi daya da fasahar hatimi saman, sa idanu fasahar hatimi, hade hatimi fasahar, da dai sauransu.
7. Hatimin injinailmi, inji hatimi flushing makirci da halaye
Manufar flushing shi ne don hana tara najasa, hana samuwar jakunkuna na iska, kula da inganta lubrication, da dai sauransu Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa ya yi ƙasa, yana da sakamako mai sanyaya.Babban hanyoyin da ake amfani da ruwan wanka su ne kamar haka:
1. Fitowar ciki
1. Kyakkyawan zazzagewa
(1) Siffofin: Ana amfani da matsakaicin da aka rufe na ma'aikacin mai aiki don gabatar da ɗakin rufewa daga ƙarshen famfo ta hanyar bututun.
(2) Aikace-aikace: ana amfani da shi don tsaftace ruwa.P1 ya fi girma fiye da P. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi girma ko kuma akwai ƙazanta, ana iya shigar da masu sanyaya, masu tacewa, da dai sauransu akan bututun.
2. Wanke baya
(1) Siffofin: Matsakaicin madaidaicin ma'aikacin mai aiki yana gabatar da shi a cikin ɗakin rufewa daga ƙarshen famfo, kuma yana komawa zuwa mashigar famfo ta cikin bututun bayan an yi ruwa.
(2) Aikace-aikace: ana amfani da shi don tsaftace ruwa, kuma P ya shiga 3. Cikakken ruwa
(1) Features: Ana amfani da matsakaicin da aka rufe na mai aiki don gabatar da ɗakin rufewa daga ƙarshen famfo ta cikin bututun, sa'an nan kuma ya sake komawa zuwa mashigar famfo ta cikin bututun bayan an zubar da ruwa.
(2) Aikace-aikace: Sakamakon sanyaya ya fi na biyu na farko, ana amfani dashi don tsaftace ruwa, kuma lokacin da P1 ke kusa da P in da P out.
2. Zazzagewa na waje
Fasaloli: Gabatar da ruwa mai tsafta daga tsarin waje wanda ya dace da matsakaicin hatimi zuwa ramin hatimi don yin ruwa.
Aikace-aikace: Matsalolin ruwa mai fitar da ruwa na waje yakamata ya zama 0.05--0.1MPA fiye da matsakaicin hatimi.Ya dace da yanayi inda matsakaici yana da yawan zafin jiki ko yana da ƙananan barbashi.Ya kamata a tabbatar da cewa an cire zafi a cikin ruwa, kuma dole ne ya dace da buƙatun ruwa ba tare da haifar da lalacewa ba.Don yin wannan, ana buƙatar sarrafa matsi na ɗakin hatimi da yawan kwararar ruwa.Gabaɗaya, yawan kwararar ruwa mai tsafta ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 5M/S;slurry ruwa mai dauke da barbashi dole ne ya zama ƙasa da 3M/S.Domin cimma ƙimar ƙimar ƙimar da ke sama, ruwan ɗigon ruwa da rami mai rufewa dole ne ya zama Bambancin matsin lamba ya kamata ya zama <0.5MPA, gabaɗaya 0.05--0.1MPA, da 0.1--0.2MPa don hatimin injina na ƙarshen-ƙarshen.Ya kamata a saita wurin da ruwa mai tarwatsewa zai shiga da fitar da rami a kusa da ƙarshen fuskar rufewa kuma kusa da gefen zobe mai motsi.Don hana zoben graphite daga lalacewa ko gurɓata ta bambance-bambancen zafin jiki saboda rashin daidaituwa, da tara ƙazanta da coking, da dai sauransu, ana iya amfani da gabatarwar Tangential ko flushing mai lamba daya.Idan ya cancanta, ruwan ɗigon ruwa na iya zama ruwan zafi ko tururi.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-31-2023